VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
type: channel
publisher: ТОО «Astana International University»
language: en
publication name: VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
issn: 3106-9525
items: INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN CORPORATE LAW
items: HISTORY AND GENESIS OF GERMAN CONSTITUTIONALISM: LEGAL ASPECTS
items: LIMITS OF PERSONAL FREEDOM AND IMMUNITY OF A WITNESS ENTITLED TO DEFENSE
items: PLATFORM EMPLOYMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN: LEGAL GAPS AND REGULATORY PROSPECTS
items: PECULIARITIES OF THE APPLICATION OF THE LEGAL INSTRUMENT OF SUBSTITUTION OF THE DEFENDANT IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
items: CONSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS: TOWARDS A NEW QUALITY OF INTERSECTORAL REGULATION, RESEARCH, AND EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
items: ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROGRESSIVE SYSTEM OF EXECUTING PUNISHMENTS
items: FRAGMENTATION OF LAW AS A CHALLENGE AND WAYS TO OVERCOME IT
items: CONDITIONAL EARLY RELEASE IN KAZAKHSTAN:CONSTITUTIONAL AND CRIMINAL-LAW ASPECTS
items: https://vlj.aiu.kz/index.php/vlj/en/article/view/28
items: LEGAL SAFEGUARDS FOR CITIZENS AFFECTED BY INTERNET FRAUD
items: ЕXPERT EXAMINATION AT THE STAGE OF PREPARATION OF CIVIL CASES FOR JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS
items: DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
items: ON PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LAW REGULATION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN BANKS AND CLIENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
items: SOME ISSUES IN QUALIFYING MISAPPROPRIATION AND EMBEZZLEMENT OF ENTRUSTED PROPERTY
items: SOCIAL AND LEGAL RISKS IN THE CONTEXT OF STABILITY AND SECURITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
items: JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION:LIMITS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
items: SEIZURE OF PROPERTY IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGSAND THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT OF OWNERSHIP
items: Mandatory Subjects of Constitutional Proceedings in Cases Arising from Citizens’ Appeals to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
items: Problems of Protecting the Rights of Women in Correctional Institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan
items: Legal Regulation of Platform Employment in Kazakhstan: Classification of Labour Relations and Liability of Digital Platforms
items: Legal aspects of land administration digitalization: international experience and prospects for Kazakhstan
items: International experience in protecting borrowers' rights and the possibilities of its application in Kazakhstan
items: Legal status of professional staff of the constitutional court of the Republic of Kazakhstan

INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN CORPORATE LAW
type: item
description: Foreign legal literature has been creating an interdisciplinary methodological basis for the economic analysis of law for a relatively long time, which is dictated by the need to find the most optimal model of legal regulation, including when determining variables that affect the formation of legal policy. It is worth noting that the methodology of scientific analysis previously used by legal science did not include economic analysis, undeservedly excluding this important toolkit for private law. In our understanding, the definition of an interdisciplinary approach in the formation of certain civil law structures should certainly serve the idea of determining the most effective, rational and viable model of interaction between economics, law and social relations. As a separate issue, it is proposed to consider the issue of institutionalizing economic analysis in improving corporate law in the context of increasing the economic efficiency of law enforcement practice. Actually, there are a lot of problems associated with the implementation of an interdisciplinary approach of economic and legal analysis in corporate law, ranging from the problems of theorizing transaction costs, conflict of directors, shareholders and creditors to the hypothesis of market efficiency (Efficient Market Hypothesis), the economics of mergers and acquisitions. In this context, our work does not pretend to be a depth of study of these processes, however, it is intended to determine the most important aspects of the interaction of economics and law in the further improvement of corporate law in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: economic analysis of law
  topic: keywords
subject: corporate law
  topic: keywords
subject: methods of economic and legal analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: economics of law
  topic: keywords
subject: rule-making
  topic: keywords
subject: economic efficiency of law.
  topic: keywords
creator: A. A. Nurmagambetov
creator: S. I. Karakushev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.42

HISTORY AND GENESIS OF GERMAN CONSTITUTIONALISM: LEGAL ASPECTS
type: item
description: The article examines the genesis and historical development of German constitutionalism as a significant phenomenon of European legal thought. Particular attention is devoted to the analysis of its doctrinal foundations, formed within the framework of the classical German legal and philosophical tradition. The evolution of constitutional and legal ideas, as well as their transformation into a coherent system of principles underlying the modern constitutional order, is explored. The study analyzes the works of prominent German thinkers, including Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Ferdinand Lassalle, Karl Theodor Welcker, Robert von Mohl, and others, whose theoretical contributions laid the intellectual foundations of German constitutionalism. Their concepts substantiate key elements of constitutional theory, such as the principle of the rule of law, the organization of state authority, and the protection and safeguarding of human rights and freedoms. It is demonstrated that German constitutionalism developed as a consistent doctrinal system that exerted a significant influence on the evolution of the concept of the Rechtsstaat and on the formation of constitutional models in various countries. The study concludes that many of its principles have been adopted and adapted within modern legal systems. Particular significance is attributed to their role in shaping the constitutional order of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where the influence of the German legal tradition is clearly reflected.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: German constitutionalism
  topic: keywords
subject: rule of law
  topic: keywords
subject: constitutional system
  topic: keywords
subject: constitution
  topic: keywords
subject: law
  topic: keywords
creator: S.K. Amandykova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.41

LIMITS OF PERSONAL FREEDOM AND IMMUNITY OF A WITNESS ENTITLED TO DEFENSE
type: item
description: This article examines the optimal measures to ensure the proper conduct of a participant in criminal proceedings, such as a witness entitled to a defense, in the context of their purpose and legal status. The author constructively and critically analyzes a legislative proposal to amend Chapter 19 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter referred to as the CPC RK) with a new measure of criminal procedural coercion, "Temporary Restriction on Leaving the Country," and strengthens the procedural liability of individuals with this status, along with suspects, accused, and defendants. The introduction of a travel ban for them, similar to the law for other defense representatives, outside the Republic of Kazakhstan is considered an unacceptable innovation that contradicts their status and unreasonably limits the personal freedom and immunity of witnesses entitled to a defense. The author of this article has developed a draft provision of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan that provides for the introduction of an additional travel ban exclusively for suspects, accused, and defendants when certain measures of criminal restraint (other than pretrial detention) are imposed on them.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: criminal proceedings
  topic: keywords
subject: a witness entitled to defense
  topic: keywords
subject: personal liberty and security
  topic: keywords
subject: the right to leave the Republic of Kazakhstan
  topic: keywords
subject: limits of restrictions
  topic: keywords
creator: L.S. Serikova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.40

PLATFORM EMPLOYMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN: LEGAL GAPS AND REGULATORY PROSPECTS
type: item
description: This article examines the current challenges of law enforcement practice in regulating labor and civil law relations arising in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the development of platform employment. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of traditional labor relations under the influence of the digital economy and the expansion of online platforms, including taxi aggregators. The study analyzes the criteria for distinguishing between labor and civil law relations, as well as issues related to determining the legal status of individuals engaged in work through digital platforms. The research includes an analysis of the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, identifying existing legal gaps and inconsistencies in the regulation of platform employment. Special emphasis is placed on the issues of social protection of workers, including guarantees of employment, remuneration, occupational safety, and access to mechanisms for protecting labor rights. In addition, the article examines foreign experience in regulating platform employment, particularly approaches to classifying workers’ legal status and ensuring their rights. The findings demonstrate that the legal regulation of platform employment in Kazakhstan remains insufficiently developed, despite its rapid growth in the context of digitalization. The study substantiates the need to improve national legislation and develop comprehensive legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring a balance of interests between workers, digital platforms, and the state.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: platform employment
  topic: keywords
subject: taxi aggregators
  topic: keywords
subject: labor law
  topic: keywords
subject: digital economy
  topic: keywords
subject: legal status
  topic: keywords
subject: social protection
  topic: keywords
creator: S.K. Idrysheva
creator: E.M. Muratova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.38

PECULIARITIES OF THE APPLICATION OF THE LEGAL INSTRUMENT OF SUBSTITUTION OF THE DEFENDANT IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
type: item
description: This article analyzes the specifics of applying the legal instrument of substitution of defendant in administrative proceedings. It examines the legal nature of this instrument, its purposes, and its importance for ensuring effective judicial protection of the applicant's rights. Particular attention is paid to the criteria for determining the proper defendant, the procedural grounds, and the procedure for replacing the defendant. The article draws on judicial practice and legal statistics on the application of this principle in administrative proceedings. It also highlights the categories of disputes in which plaintiffs most frequently requested the court to replace the defendant. Conclusions have been drawn regarding the need for a uniform approach to the application of this institution in order to strengthen the principles of administrative justice and ensure proper protection of citizens' rights in the sphere of public law disputes.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: Administrative procedural code
  topic: keywords
subject: administrative justice
  topic: keywords
subject: court
  topic: keywords
subject: replacement of defendant
  topic: keywords
subject: plaintiff, defendant
  topic: keywords
subject: legal proceedings
  topic: keywords
creator: A.S. Tukiyev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.35

CONSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS: TOWARDS A NEW QUALITY OF INTERSECTORAL REGULATION, RESEARCH, AND EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
type: item
description: Kazakhstan is undergoing profound transformations of its social structure, and the state is being renewed, gradually incorporating the characteristics enshrined in paragraph 1 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the principles of fairness and accountability. Political institutions and economic relations are undergoing extensive reform. People and their well-being have been placed at the center of state policy. The efforts of the highest authorities are aimed at resolving the fundamental difficulties that arose at the beginning of the 21st century in the sphere of constitutional and legal regulation of the economy and business, and especially in law enforcement practices. Some of them are generated by the modern, unprecedented era of technological innovation, the total inclusion of digitalization and artificial intelligence in all spheres of life. Without proper legal support, they may conflict with national interests, thereby creating threats to the country's economic, financial, and technological (digital) sovereignty and even national (constitutional) security. Others are related to the imbalances that have arisen in real life. They are caused by subjective factors in our reality. Society and the state are currently working to correct them. The existing barriers in approaches between representatives of various fields of humanities knowledge, primarily economics, philosophy, political science, and sociology, are gradually being eliminated. Their methodologies must be used to maximize the implementation of constitutional values. And vice versa. At the same time, similar, more specific tasks are faced by jurisprudence (legal science): areas of law (public and private), branches (primarily constitutional law, civil, administrative, tax, environmental, labor, social security) and groups of legislation, while defining and providing adequate space for each of them with individual objects and methods of legal regulation.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: constitutional economics
  topic: keywords
subject: scientific and educational intersectoral model
  topic: keywords
subject: national (constitutional) security
  topic: keywords
subject: constitutional values
  topic: keywords
creator: V.А. Malinovski
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.32

ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROGRESSIVE SYSTEM OF EXECUTING PUNISHMENTS
type: item
description: In this article, the author examines topical issues regarding the transformation of the penitentiary system of the Republic of Kazakhstan amidst large-scale advancements in science and technology. The author explores the concept of the progressive system of punishments as a key component of the mechanism for humanizing criminal policy and reducing the «prison population». Special attention is paid to the application of modern scientific and technological achievements—specifically in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and IT technologies—within the process of executing punishments, implementing educational measures, and conducting probation control. The author emphasizes that achieving a sufficient level of public safety is impossible without the widespread use of modern tools for monitoring and supervising the behavior of individuals within the criminal justice system. The main objective of the study is to develop theoretical principles and practical recommendations for improving the progressive system through the implementation of digital solutions. To achieve this, the author defines the concept of the progressive system, examines international experience in electronic monitoring (such as GPS and VR therapy), and justifies the need to transfer probation control functions to specialized services. The article analyzes global practices, including the use of biometric bracelets in the USA, emotion recognition systems in China, and coding courses in the UK. In conclusion, the author highlights a comprehensive approach that combines traditional correctional measures with advanced control methods and AI supervision in rehabilitative efforts. The implementation of these proposed measures aims to reduce recidivism rates.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: progressive system of execution of imprisonment
  topic: keywords
subject: confinement regime
  topic: keywords
subject: educational work
  topic: keywords
subject: probation control
  topic: keywords
subject: registration of convicts
  topic: keywords
subject: modern registration methods
  topic: keywords
creator: A.В. Skakov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.36

FRAGMENTATION OF LAW AS A CHALLENGE AND WAYS TO OVERCOME IT
type: item
description: The author, the former Chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a prominent statesman of the Republic of Kazakhstan, examines the process of dividing legal regulation into separate, specialized areas, which is relevant for the theory of domestic law, determined by the development and diversity of social relations, the integration of legal systems and special branches of law. The fragmentation of law is objectively determined by the instability of legislation, the inconsistency and lack of coordination of legislative activity at its various stages, and the trend towards strengthening the processes of implementation and reception of law. And as a consequence, the weakening of the systemic structure of law, conflicting legal provisions, difficulties for law enforcement officers, and the potential threat of loss of structuring of the legal system and the legal system.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: legal system
  topic: keywords
subject: fragmentation
  topic: keywords
subject: synchronization
  topic: keywords
subject: specification
  topic: keywords
subject: lawmaking
  topic: keywords
subject: digitalization
  topic: keywords
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
creator: Igor Rogov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.31

CONDITIONAL EARLY RELEASE IN KAZAKHSTAN:CONSTITUTIONAL AND CRIMINAL-LAW ASPECTS
type: item
description: The article examines the current state and development trends of the institution of parole (early conditional release) in the Republic of Kazakhstan within the context of criminal policy. The author emphasizes that parole is an important element of the legal mechanism for the rehabilitation of convicts, performing resocialization, economic, and humanitarian functions. The relevance of the study is determined both by changes in legislation and by the need to ensure compliance with constitutional principles when introducing restrictions on the application of parole. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal foundations of parole, identify existing restrictions on its application, and assess their compliance with the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The tasks also include examining judicial practice and analyzing the legal positions of the Constitutional Court that influence the application of the institution of parole. The study found that Kazakhstan’s state policy demonstrates a tendency toward tightening the conditions for parole for certain categories of crimes, primarily corruption-related offenses and crimes against the sexual inviolability of minors. The analyzed regulatory rulings of the Constitutional Court reveal issues of inconsistency in law enforcement, particularly in interpreting provisions on the retroactive effect of the law and the correlation between the norms of the Criminal Code and the Criminal Executive Code. In conclusion, the article highlights the need to improve parole legislation and ensure uniform judicial practice, which will strengthen legal certainty and help achieve a balance between justice, humanism, and public safety. The author concludes that constitutional oversight plays a key role in aligning parole restrictions with the principles of proportionality and the inadmissibility of unjustified deterioration of the situation of convicts.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: Constitution
  topic: keywords
subject: Constitutional Court
  topic: keywords
subject: legal positions
  topic: keywords
subject: criminal law
  topic: keywords
subject: conditional early release
  topic: keywords
subject: restrictions
  topic: keywords
creator: E.A. Ongarbaev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.30

https://vlj.aiu.kz/index.php/vlj/en/article/view/28
type: item
title: ON THE POTENTIAL OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN CONDUCTING LEGAL AND LINGUISTIC MONITORING OF CURRENT LEGISLATION (On the example of the code of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Оn marriage (matrimony) and family»)
description: The issue of the quality of the text of the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Kazakh language is a natural phenomenon and, along with society and the media, is constantly in the focus of attention of the scientific community conducting various studies in the field of law and linguistics. Obviously, the issue of the quality of legislation in the Kazakh language, which remains translatable for various objective and subjective reasons, will not be off the agenda in the near future. A lot has been written about the linguistic and legal errors that exist in the normative legal acts adopted in different periods and years of State Independence. The society also shows great interest in correcting this situation. Nevertheless, everyone knows that it does not yet enjoy the support of the authorized structures of the state. Along with such areas as language policy, political will, support for the state language, the development of qualitative norms, and the establishment of justice, there are factors such as the weakness of the theoretical and philological foundations of rulemaking in the Kazakh language, and the shortage of specialists who are equally proficient in law and linguistics. Therefore, legal and linguistic monitoring should also be included among the measures of a political, legal, socio-economic and other nature to improve the quality of the text of the current legislation in the Kazakh language. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to consider the possibility of using the enormous potential of legal and linguistic monitoring in the educational process in correcting errors in current legislation. To achieve this goal, the article examines the problems of studying, identifying together with students and including on the agenda the issue of correcting the errors of the current legislation.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: educational process
  topic: keywords
subject: law
  topic: keywords
subject: legislation
  topic: keywords
subject: legal monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: legal and linguistic monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: vocabulary
  topic: keywords
creator: N.M. Primashev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.28

LEGAL SAFEGUARDS FOR CITIZENS AFFECTED BY INTERNET FRAUD
type: item
description: The article examines the improvement of criminal procedure regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the growth of cybercrime and the development of international cooperation in this field. It analyses the key strategic documents in the sphere of cybersecurity (the Cybersecurity Concept “Cyber Shield of Kazakhstan” and the Concept for Digital Transformation, Development of ICT and Cybersecurity for 2023–2029), as well as the significance of Kazakhstan’s accession to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime and the UN Convention on Cybercrime for facilitating cross-border access to electronic evidence and ensuring prompt international cooperation. The article argues that the current criminal procedure legislation provides only fragmentary regulation of electronic documents and computer information, which does not meet the practical needs of detecting and investigating cybercrimes. It substantiates the necessity of legally enshrining the concept of electronic evidence, its classification depending on the place of storage, and the introduction of special procedural mechanisms for obtaining, preserving, seizing and using such evidence in criminal proceedings, taking into account relevant international standards.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: cybercrime
  topic: keywords
subject: information security offences
  topic: keywords
subject: electronic evidence
  topic: keywords
subject: criminal offences
  topic: keywords
subject: ICT sector, internet fraud
  topic: keywords
subject: criminal liability
  topic: keywords
creator: M.Z. Omarbekova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.27

ЕXPERT EXAMINATION AT THE STAGE OF PREPARATION OF CIVIL CASES FOR JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS
type: item
description: A large and very important part of civil proceedings is the preparation of civil cases for trial. The court and the participants in the process perform a variety of preparatory actions in order to form evidence. Among the preparatory actions, the appointment of an expert examination stands out, which takes place in all cases where the need for an expert opinion arises from the circumstances of the case and the evidence presented. In this regard, it is necessary to dwell on some of the problems of the stage of preparing a case for trial, the preparatory hearing as part of the stage of preparing a case, and individual issues of appointing an expert at this stage of civil proceedings.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: civil process
  topic: keywords
subject: stage of civil proceedings
  topic: keywords
subject: preparation of a case for trial
  topic: keywords
subject: preparatory meeting of the case preparation stage
  topic: keywords
subject: examination
  topic: keywords
subject: types of examinations
  topic: keywords
subject: appointment of an examination
  topic: keywords
creator: V.A. Krеtсu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.26

DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL CODE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
type: item
description: Ten years have passed since the adoption of the Entrepreneurial Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter referred to as the EC). During this time, it has become the primary legal document regulating the relationship between government bodies and entrepreneurship as an organized social force. Entrepreneurs actively utilize intellectual property rights (hereinafter referred to as IP), enshrined in a variety of sources, including the EC. Moreover, the EC's intellectual property provisions fall within the "rights relating to unfair competition" group of IP rights, as defined by Article 1 of the WIPO Convention. This group of rights has been very poorly studied in Kazakh and Russian legal literature. The purpose of this article is to examine the specific features of the EC's IP provisions. To this end, the objectives are to demonstrate the composition and features of the legal norms on IP enshrined in the Entrepreneurship Code, from the perspective of their place in the classification of IP rights under the aforementioned WIPO Convention, their relationship with the classification of IP objects in the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and to characterize the social function these norms perform in achieving fair competition. Results: The Entrepreneurship Code contains norms that expand the range of protected IP objects. It is established that the Entrepreneurship Code filled a regulatory gap in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which did not fully cover intellectual property rights related to unfair competition, a gap that arose at the time of the adoption of the Entrepreneurship Code. These norms position the Entrepreneurship Code as a crucial deterrent to unfair competition. It is proposed to supplement Article 961 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan with provisions on unfair competition. Thus, this article contains a number of proposals for improving the norms governing IP and performing functions to limit unfair competition.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: Entrepreneurship Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan
  topic: keywords
subject: intellectual property rights
  topic: keywords
subject: Convention establishing WIPO
  topic: keywords
subject: unfair competition
  topic: keywords
subject: classification of intellectual property objects
  topic: keywords
creator: T.E. Kaudyrov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.25

ON PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LAW REGULATION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN BANKS AND CLIENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
type: item
description: Traditionally, bank-client relations are considered subject to private (civil) law. However, their legal regulation is characterized by a relatively high level of public law penetration. By applying public law methods of regulation in a number of cases, the state limits freedom of contract and the autonomy of the will of the participants in contractual relations. This raises questions about the scope of such restrictions, the sectoral affiliation of the rules governing bank-client relations, and the methods of their legal regulation. The purpose of this article is to present a legal analysis of the impact of public and private law on bank-client relations. In the course of the research, the authors provide examples of the application of the imperative method in regulating relations between a bank and a client, determine the industry affiliation of the rules governing relations between a bank and a client, and characterize complex banking legal relations, the article compares the influence of public and private law methods of regulation and discusses a comprehensive method of legal regulation of banking relations. The conclusion presents the results of the study.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: banking legal relations
  topic: keywords
subject: methods of legal regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: complex legal relations
  topic: keywords
subject: bank account agreement
  topic: keywords
subject: bank loan agreement
  topic: keywords
creator: D.K. Abzhanov
creator: A.G. Didenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.24

SOME ISSUES IN QUALIFYING MISAPPROPRIATION AND EMBEZZLEMENT OF ENTRUSTED PROPERTY
type: item
description: The theoretical significance of the correct classification of misappropriation and embezzlement of entrusted property remains important for investigative and judicial practice in the Republic of Kazakhstan due to the fact that ambiguous understanding and interpretation of the provisions of criminal law with evaluative provisions is permitted, which entails a deviation from the uniform application of substantive law. The situation is further exacerbated by the emergence of new, complex methods for disposing of entrusted property, which characterize the objective and subjective aspects of this criminal offense in unconventional ways. Consequently, difficulties arise in classifying this act, especially when determining its relationship with civil and other legal relationships, leading to judicial errors. The author conducted a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the current criminal law, regulatory decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and monographic literature. He offers scientifically substantiated proposals for systematizing the conditions for recognizing property as entrusted to a person, the doctrinal interpretation of the unlawful seizure and appropriation of another's property, and the moment of completion of this act.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: criminal law
  topic: keywords
subject: qualification: characteristics and moment of completion of the act
  topic: keywords
subject: misappropriation and embezzlement of entrusted property
  topic: keywords
creator: Isidor Borchashvili
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.23

SOCIAL AND LEGAL RISKS IN THE CONTEXT OF STABILITY AND SECURITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
type: item
description: Risks in social legislation constitute fundamental criteria for the formation of constitutional legal guarantees and regulatory classifications. In April 2023, the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted the Social Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which for the first time at the legislative level introduced a conceptual definition of “social risk” by listing certain legal facts that form its basis. However, the list provided by this codified regulatory legal act is rather limited. It does not take into account many provisions that are not regulated by this Code, as well as those governed by other legislative acts or norms of international law. In addition, it contains certain legal norms that fall under the characteristics of a “defective legal norm” or legal casuistry. The purpose of this article is to present a scientific and analytical study of the legal category of “social risks” in theoretical, regulatory, and law-enforcement contexts. In the course of the study, the author aims to address the following objectives: to determine the substantive evaluative significance of the legal category under consideration; to present a concise classification of social risks based on their fundamental purpose and semantic nature; and to analyze certain “defective” legal norms contained in the national legislation in order to identify the factors and extent of their impact on the stability and security of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author proposes specific legal revisions and amendments aimed at correcting the analyzed casuistic regulators and sources of law. The conclusion of the article presents the results of the conducted scientific legal research.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: social risks
  topic: keywords
subject: climatic risks
  topic: keywords
subject: radiation
  topic: keywords
subject: psychosocial
  topic: keywords
subject: biological
  topic: keywords
subject: economic
  topic: keywords
subject: ergonomic
  topic: keywords
creator: I. V Mezhibovskaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.22

JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION:LIMITS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
type: item
description: This article examines the jurisdiction of the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union (the Court and the EAEU/Union, respectively), its current boundaries, and prospects for further development. In the current context of the development of integration processes within the EAEU, an important role is played by effective mechanisms for resolving disputes and ensuring the uniform application of Union law. This article examines the legal basis for the Court's activities, its jurisdiction, procedures for seeking judicial protection, and interpretation of law. It also examines prospects for expanding the Court's powers, taking into account the growing need for legal protection for participants in the integration process and the increased effectiveness of the EAEU legal system. The paper draws on the practical experience of the EAEU Court and legal positions developed by other courts of integration associations to support its theses. The work aims to identify areas for improving the EAEU Court's activities as a key institution in ensuring legal stability and the integration legal order.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: Eurasian Economic Union
  topic: keywords
subject: EAEU
  topic: keywords
subject: Court of the EAEU
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subject: competence of the Court of the EAEU
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subject: integration law
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creator: A.B. Kishkembayev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.21

SEIZURE OF PROPERTY IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGSAND THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT OF OWNERSHIP
type: item
description: The author, an expert of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, examines the procedural and legal mechanism for seizing property in domestic criminal proceedings in the context of observing the constitutional right of persons who are not parties to criminal proceedings to property, as provided for in Article 26 of the Basic Law. The purpose of the work is to establish the prerequisites for concluding that the procedure established by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter referred to as the CPC) (Criminal Procedure Code, 2014) (Criminal Procedure Code, 2014) is inconsistent with subparagraph 4) of paragraph 3 of Article 77 of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding the right of everyone to be heard in court. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were addressed: the degree of security of property rights of persons who are not parties to criminal proceedings, the nature of the violation of this right when considering the issue of seizing their property by a judge alone without holding a hearing. Attention is drawn to the special legal nature of the property seizure procedure, which is both a measure of criminal procedural coercion and a means of collecting evidence. Proposals are made to improve several provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code, including establishing a preventive seizure of property by the investigating judge for a reasonable period to prevent its loss, concealment, or intentional alienation. Until the final decision on the matter, a non-party to the proceedings will have the opportunity to prove directly in court that the seized property was acquired legally, not criminally, and was not used to conceal the proceeds of a crime.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: seizure of property
  topic: keywords
subject: guarantees of property rights of persons who are not parties to criminal proceedings
  topic: keywords
creator: A.N. Akhpanov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 VERITAS LEGIS JOURNAL
date: 2026-03-27
publication date: 2026-03-27
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.2.2026.20

Mandatory Subjects of Constitutional Proceedings in Cases Arising from Citizens’ Appeals to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
type: item
description: This article is devoted to the study of the subject composition of constitutional proceedings in cases considered by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the constitutionality of laws based on citizens’ appeals. The legal status of mandatory subjects — the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the parties involved in the process — is analyzed, as well as their roles at various stages of judicial proceedings. Special attention is given to the specificity of constitutional proceedings as a distinct type of justice aimed at ensuring the supremacy of the Constitution, protecting citizens’ rights and freedoms, and verifying the constitutionality of normative legal acts. The article examines the legal foundations and procedural powers of the subjects, their participation in evidence collection and decision-making, as well as comparative aspects with foreign systems of constitutional control. The study emphasizes the importance of adhering to constitutional principles and norms, as well as the unique role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation as the highest body of constitutional oversight. Within the context of the conducted analysis, the criteria for classifying participants as mandatory subjects are identified and their significance for ensuring the procedural guarantees of the applicant is substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the composition of mandatory participants on the admissibility of a constitutional complaint, the scope of case consideration, and the quality of the final law-enforcement outcome. The paper proposes directions for improving the procedural status of the parties in order to enhance the effectiveness of constitutional judicial protection.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Constitutional proceedings, Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, subjects of the constitutional process, mandatory subjects, parties to the process, rights and obligations of participants, constitutional complaint, protection of citizens’ rights, verification of the constitutionality of laws, procedural powers.
creator: T.V. Ryabova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.17

Problems of Protecting the Rights of Women in Correctional Institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan
type: item
description: The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the state of protection of the rights of women held in places of deprivation of liberty in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The key problems in the functioning of women’s correctional institutions are examined, including the non-compliance of detention conditions with international standards, insufficient provision of sanitary, domestic, and medical facilities, as well as the risks of gender-based violence and discrimination. Special attention is paid to the practice of applying criminal and penal enforcement legislation in relation to women, including the analysis of the institutions of parole, alternative sanctions, and amnesty. Based on official statistical data and specific cases, systemic problems in law enforcement practice are identified, demonstrating a formalistic approach by the courts and the prioritization of punitive mechanisms over the principles of humanism and the protection of human rights. The article substantiates the necessity of introducing a women’s amnesty as the first stage of reforming the penitentiary system and proposes directions for further transformations, including the demilitarization of the penal enforcement system, the introduction of gender-sensitive detention standards, and the expansion of public oversight. It is concluded that the implementation of Kazakhstan’s international human rights obligations requires consistent and systematic changes aimed at the humanization of punishment and the reintegration of convicted women into society.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: women’s rights
  topic: keywords
subject: women’s correctional institutions
  topic: keywords
subject: penitentiary system
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subject: penal enforcement law
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subject: amnesty
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subject: parole
  topic: keywords
subject: gender discrimination
  topic: keywords
subject: international human rights standards
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creator: A.A. Komalov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.15

Legal Regulation of Platform Employment in Kazakhstan: Classification of Labour Relations and Liability of Digital Platforms
type: item
description: The article examines platform employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of rapid digitalisation and the expansion of the platform economy. It is argued that new forms of interaction between digital platforms and service providers transform traditional employment models and generate legal uncertainty regarding workers’ status and the allocation of liability. Using a comparative legal method, the study analyses regulatory approaches and court practice in the European Union, the United States, and selected European jurisdictions. Particular attention is paid to ride-hailing platforms and the absence of a statutory definition of a “taxi aggregator”, which allows platforms to present themselves as mere intermediaries and to limit their civil liability. The article reviews judicial trends in the gig economy that qualify platform-based arrangements as employment relationships based on their factual characteristics. In addition, the paper discusses Kazakhstan’s case law, including Ospan A.A. v. Glovo Kazakhstan LLP, which supports the need to assess the substance of the relationship rather than its formal contractual label. The study concludes that Kazakhstan should further develop its legal framework to strengthen worker and consumer protection, increase platform accountability for providers’ actions, and ensure compliance with safety and service quality standards.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: platform employment
  topic: keywords
subject: digital platforms
  topic: keywords
subject: taxi aggregators
  topic: keywords
subject: gig economy
  topic: keywords
subject: employment relationship
  topic: keywords
subject: civil liability
  topic: keywords
subject: case law
  topic: keywords
subject: consumer protection
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creator: S.K. Idrysheva
creator: E.M. Muratova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.12

Legal aspects of land administration digitalization: international experience and prospects for Kazakhstan
type: item
description: This article presents an analysis of the digitalization of land administration in Kazakhstan, including legal aspects and global practices that could be integrated into this country. Today, the trend toward globalization is expanding, reinforcing the need for stable land resource management. Kazakhstan faces barriers such as non-digitized information, low digital literacy among the rural population, and uneven legal reforms. The high importance of sharing international experience and creating an institutional environment is highlighted by practices such as the Estonian E-Land model and Singapore's geoinformation technologies. The solution to these problems is presented through a set of measures, including improving digital literacy, developing telecommunications infrastructure, and harmonizing land legislation with international standards. The effectiveness of the proposed measures is assessed through the flexibility of global practices, including legal mechanisms, in the context of Kazakhstan's socio-economic specifics. The data obtained will contribute to sustainable development and improvement of the quality of life of the population.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: digitalization, land administration, international experience, land relations, land policy, land legislation, digital legal framework.
  topic: keywords
creator: N.B. Akanov
creator: N.A. Ibraeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.8

International experience in protecting borrowers' rights and the possibilities of its application in Kazakhstan
type: item
description: Abstract. The article will provide an in-depth analysis of international experience in protecting borrowers' rights. It will consider legal mechanisms and practices used in different countries and their potential adaptation in Kazakhstan. The main aspects of consumer lending regulation will be discussed, including measures to ensure transparency of credit terms, mechanisms to protect against unscrupulous lenders, and tools aimed at reducing debt burdens for the population. Data and analytical materials will be presented to reflect the effectiveness of different methods of protecting borrowers, as well as successful international practices. Comparative analysis will examine legislative initiatives in countries with developed consumer protection systems, such as the European Union and the United States, and explore their potential application in Kazakhstan.. The article discusses the issues of improving the country's credit rating system. Special attention is paid to analyzing the current state of borrowers' rights protection in Kazakhstan, as well as identifying weaknesses in legislation and enforcement practice. The paper considers the prospects for improving national regulation based on international experience, including the introduction of mechanisms for monitoring creditors' activities, the development of an ombudsman system, and strengthening state supervision over credit institutions. This article presents a comprehensive approach to studying borrower protection issues, based on international standards and best practices. It also makes recommendations for adapting these practices to the conditions in Kazakhstan. The main goal of the study is to analyze international experience in protecting borrowers' rights and propose ways to apply it in Kazakhstan.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: consumer credit, financial literacy, ombudsman, credit rating
  topic: keywords
creator: B. Tolegen
creator: A.S. Ibrayev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.7

Legal status of professional staff of the constitutional court of the Republic of Kazakhstan
type: item
description: Abstract. This article examines the role and significance of the professional staff of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, who, despite lacking a special constitutional status as judges, play a key role in ensuring the full and effective functioning of this constitutional oversight body. The article considers their legal status, as well as the structure and functions of the apparatus of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including its analytical, organizational-legal, and expert divisions. Special attention is given to the characterization of auxiliary personnel—consultants, specialists (analysts), and other staff members responsible for preparing case materials, conducting legal research, organizing document flow, coordinating with other state bodies, and implementing the decisions of the Constitutional Court. The article highlights the features of the Kazakhstani model in comparison with foreign experience, including the legislative practices of the Russian Federation and Poland, with supporting reasoning. The author emphasizes that the effectiveness of the Constitutional Court’s activities largely depends on the high level of professional training, experience, and responsibility of its staff. In conclusion, recommendations are proposed to strengthen the legal regulation of their activities, enhance transparency, and reinforce the institutional significance of these «persons without robes» in constitutional justice.
subject: Статьи
  topic: section
subject: Constitutional Court, legal status, apparatus, auxiliary bodies, staff, analyst, constitutional justice
  topic: keywords
creator: S.G. S.G. Kozakhmetova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Veritas Legis Journal
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
doi: 10.62687/VLJ.1.1.2025.4